The legal requirement is for all new car models launched on or after 6 July 2022 to be fitted with them - existing models on sale on or after that date aren’t legally required to have a speed limiter.
As the mk8 Golf was launched before 6 July, then VW aren’t legally required to fit it with a speed limiter. Maybe the mk8.5 facelift will get a speed limiter if it’s considered to be a new model. Historically, VW have referred to facelift models a ‘the all new Golf / Polo’ etc. in their marketing / advertising material, even though it’s an existing car with a few tweaks.
If VW does make a mk9 Golf (they may not with the 2030 ICE new car ban), then it’ll have a speed limiter, and probably other ‘safety’ tech such as black box data loggers, alcohol / breathalyser sensor that won’t allow the car to be started if the driver‘s blood / alcohol level exceeds the legal limit etc.