Not disagreeing with your points, but adding context: 61% is high, but over 50% paying no federal income tax is normal. I don't recall the exact numbers I read previously, but something like 80%+ of people making under $50k a year don't pay any. Assuming Uncle Sam=federal gov, I have to assume you are exaggerating your taxes at 40%, unless your wife isn't in a hospital group and is self employed, then maybe the 15% FICA would get you close, but that goes away at a pretty low threshold. I'd bet some zrickety bucks that your effective rate is closer to 20%, 25% if you count FICA.